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英语主谓一致的意义一致语法一致就近一致原则 语法一致 指的是主语为单数形式时，谓语动词使用单数形式，主语如果为复数形式，那么谓语动词也使用复数形式。 Tom is a good student.汤姆是个好学生。 They often play football on the playground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。 意义一致 又称为概念一致原则，指的是谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达单复数意义，而不取决于表面上的语法联系。 My family are having lunch now.我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 就近一致 又称为近邻一致原则，指的是主语由两个或两个以上的名词或代词构成，谓语动词的单复数形式应与紧邻的名词或代词保持一致。 Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。 1. 意义一致 意义一致就是根据句子主语的意义来确定谓语动词的单复数。如： Maths is difficult for us. 数学对我们来说很难。 The police are trying to search for the thief on the hill. 警察们正在山上尽力搜查小偷。 【典例】The woman behind the girls _____________ a famous actress. A. is B. are C. have D. has 【答案】A 【解析】在本句中，句子主语为woman，所以谓语动词应用单数形式，排除B、C两项。本句为系表结构，排除D项。故选A。
新概念英语mp3 语法一致即单数主语要用单数谓语动词，复数主语要用复数谓语动词。如： My bike is under the tree. 我的自行车在树下。 These books are old. 这些书是旧的。 【典例】The Greens _____________ dinner in the kitchen now. A. is having B. having C. are having 【答案】C 【解析】the Greens意为＂格林一家；格林夫妇＂，表复数意义，故选C。 3. 就近原则 就近原则即当主语被某些连词(短语)连接时，谓语动词的数与离它最近的词保持一致。 Either my father or brother is coming. 我父亲来，要不然就是我弟弟来。 Not only you but also they are good students. 不仅你是好学生，而且他们也是好学生。 【典例】This is my twin sister, Lucy. Not only she but also I _____________ good at drawing. A. is B. am C. are 【答案】B 【解析】在not only... but also...作主语的句子中，谓语动词的形式要根据but also后所跟的名词或代词而定。 1. —David has been away for more than 25 days. —I miss him very much. You know, 25 days ______________ short. A. is B. isn’t C. are D. aren’t 2. Look, the set of keys ______________ on the teacher’s desk. A. are B. were C. is D. was 3. Climbing hills ______________ good for our health. A. are B. is C. was D. were 4. This pair of pants ______________ mine. You may ______________ on the bed A. is; be B. are; be C. are, are 5. —What are you going to do this weekend? —I together with my classmates ______________ going to climb Mount Qian. A. is B. am C. are D. were 6. This pair of shoes ______________ me well, but the shoes ______________ expensive. A. fit; are B. fits; are C. fits; is 7. Andy, you’d better not eat meat only. You should know milk and fruit ______________ good for you. A. is B. are C. was D. were 8. A number of volunteers ______________ from faraway cities. A. is B are C. is come D. are come 1. B【解析】25 days作为一个整体，系动词需用单数形式，故选B。 2. C【解析】the set of keys的中心词是set，系动词应用单数。句首为Look，故用一般现在时。 3. B【解析】动名词短语作主语，谓语用单数形式。句子表述的是一般情况，要用一般现在时。 4. A【解析】第一空所在句子主语为pair，为单数形式，故用is;第二空情态动词后用动词原形，故用be。 5. B【解析】together with结构是伴随状语，谓语动词应与其前的主语保持一致，故用am。 6. B【解析】前半句话的主语为pair，是单数形式，故第一空用fits；后半句主语是shoes，故用are。 7. B【解析】milk and fruit是两样东西,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式，句子表述的是一般现在时。 8. B【解析】a number of结构作主语，谓语用复数形式。故选B。 
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