英语宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题 在英语中,宾语从句的主句和从句的时态是需要一致的。一般来说,有以下规则: 如果主句的时态是现在时,那么从句的时态也需要是现在时。例如,主句的谓语动词是"know",从句的谓语动词也需要是现在时,如"knows"。 如果主句的时态是过去时,那么从句的时态也需要是过去时。例如,主句的谓语动词是"said",从句的谓语动词也需要是过去时,如"said"。 如果主句的时态是将来时,那么从句的时态也需要是将来时。例如,主句的谓语动词是"will know",从句的谓语动词也需要是将来时,如"will know"。 需要注意的是,在某些情况下,宾语从句中的时态也可以和主句中的时态不同。例如,如果从句表达的是真理或永恒不变的事实,那么即使主句使用的是过去时,从句也可以使用一般现在时。例如,"The teacher said that the earth is round."(老师过去说地球是圆的。)在这种情况下,从句"The earth is round"表达的是永恒不变的事实,因此使用了现在时。 1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。 I remember he gave me a book yesterday. He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrrow. I don’t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
人教高中英语单词mp3 A. when did he come home B. where he would play football C. if he had seen the film D. why he didn’t watch the game 【答案】D 【解析】该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际上是现在时,宾语从句在这个句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。 2. I don’t know when _______________. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave 【答案】B 【解析】该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。只有B项在语序和时态上符合要求。 2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时),那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。 He told me that he would take part in the high jump. He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the US soon. 3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。 Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. He told me that the earth is round. 【特别提醒】否定转移 在主从复合句中,当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等词时,要将从句的否定转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。 I don’t think he will come with you. 我认为他不会和你一起来。 I. 将下列句子改为宾语从句。 1. He said. He has a big house. He said _______________ _______________ a big house. 2. Nobody knows. Did anybody get there on time? Nobody knows _______________ anybody _______________ there on time. 3. She wondered. Where can she wait for No. 11 bus? She wondered _______________ she _______________ _______________ for No. 11 bus. 4. The teacher told the students :"The sun is bigger than the moon." The teacher told the students _______________ the sun _______________ bigger than the moon. 5. Did you know? What’s your father doing? Did you know _______________ your father _______________ doing? 1. he had【解析】考查宾语从句的时态,省略that主句是过去时,从句要用过去时。 2. if; got【解析】考查宾语从句的语序,一般疑问句变宾语从句用if引导,语序用陈述句语序。 3. where; could wait【解析】考查宾语从句的语序,特殊疑问句变宾语从句,用特殊疑问词引导语序用陈述句语序,时态和主句保持一致。 4. that; is【解析】考查宾语从句的特殊用法,如果是客观真理、自然现象时,尽管主句是过去时,从句也要用一般现在时态。 5. what;was【解析】考查宾语从句的语序,特殊疑问句变宾语从句,用特殊疑问词引导语序用陈述句语序,时态和主句保持一致。 II. 根据所给中文,将下列句子用宾语从句译为英文。 1. 我不知道他是否会来。 I don’t know _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________. 2. 你能告诉我你的名字是什么吗? Can you tell me _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________? 3. 昨天 Lucy 告诉Jim, 她不能和他一块看电影。 Lucy told Jim _______________ _______________ _______________ go to see the film with him. 4. 我想知道昨天谁作报告。 I want to know _______________ _______________ the report. 5. Smith先生问他的女儿什么围绕着地球转。 Mr Smith asked his daughter _______________ _______________ around the earth. 1. if he will come【解析】考查宾语从句,由连词if引导的宾语从句,if表示"是否"。 2. what your name is【解析】考查宾语从句,宾语从句的引导词用特殊疑问词what,语序用陈述句语序。 3. that she couldn’t【解析】考查宾语从句,由连词that引导的宾语从句,由于主句是过去时态,所以从句的时态要用过去时。 4. who gave【解析】考查宾语从句,从句中的引导词who作主语。 5. what goes【解析】考查宾语从句,宾语从句中,如果是客观真理、自然现象时,尽管主句是过去时,从句也要用一般现在时态。 ![]() |