定语从句名师点拨基本特点及用法 本专题主要讲解了定语从句的一些基本特点及用法,包括关系代词及关系副词,以及定语从句的分类等,另外也简单讲解了常见关系词的用法,比如高考中常考的that/which/as/who/whom/ whose/when/where/why.等,因此学习的重点是掌握常见关系词的用法。 一、定语从句的定义 定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式及介词短语,句子来担任。担任定语的句子称为定语从句(形容词性从句),作用相当于形容词,用来修辞名词,代词或者整个句子。而这些名词,代词或句子称为先行词。 引导词(关系词:引导定语从句;代替先行词;在定语从句中担当一个成分): 关系代词: that, which,as,who,whom,whose. 关系副词: when, where, why. 结构:先行词+关系词引导的定语从句 不知不觉背单词 单词不用记下载 新概念英语青少版 二、定语从句的分类 1. 限制性定语从句 先行词在意义上为不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切, 写时不用逗号分开。 I was the only person who was invited in my office. 我是唯一一个被邀请到他办公室的人 2. 非限制性定语从句 和主句关系不很密切,只是对先行词作些附加说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句, 写时往往逗号分开。 Jenny, with whom I played table tennis yesterday, lives in my next room. 昨天和我打乒乓球的詹妮,住在我的隔壁房间里。 【小试牛刀】 1. The movie is adapted from a novel,________author I can't remember now. A.which B.where C.what D.whose 2. Living in the mountain area has its problems, ________ obtaining water is a big problem. A.of which B.for what C.as D.whose 3. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ________ we gave some bells and glasses. A.to which B.to whom C.with whom D.with which 4. The young scientist has made such great achievements in his chosen field ________ nobody else can make. A.that B.as C.which D.what 5. Steve Jobs, ________rise to fame inspires millions of people, will be remembered generation after generation. A.what B.which C.whose D.who 【答案与解析】 4. B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:那位年轻的科学家在他选择的领域取得了没有人能够做到的如此巨大的成就。先行词是achievements,当先行词被such,so修饰,而且定语从句中又缺少主宾表时,用as引导定语从句,故选B 项。 5. C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:史蒂夫·乔布斯将永远被后人铭记,他的成名鼓舞了很多人。先行词是Steve Jobs,后面是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少定语修饰rise,所以用whose引导非限制性定语从句,故选C项。 ![]() |